package uk.co.weft.wordsearch; import java.lang.*; // import general utility classes import java.util.*; // for date handling import java.awt.*; // for graphics handling import java.io.*; import java.applet.*; // this *is* an applet import java.net.*; // for URL class /** an exception flagged when we completely fail to lay out a word */ final class LayoutException extends Exception { LayoutException( String message) { super( message); } } /** an exception flagged when it is impossible to lay out a word */ final class WontFitException extends Exception { WontFitException( String message) { super( message); } } final class GridView extends Canvas { protected WordSearch parent; private Image buffer = null; // my buffer into which I render myself private Graphics bufferGraphics; // a graphics context for my buffer private Point dragStart = new Point(); private Point dragEnd = new Point(); protected Font font = new Font( "Helvetica", Font.BOLD, 14); protected Color background = Color.white; // my background colour protected Color foreground = Color.black; // my foreground colour protected Color hilight = Color.red; // my hilight (drag) colour protected Color gridColour = Color.blue; // the colour of my grid protected int lineWidth = 4; GridView( WordSearch wordsearch) { parent = wordsearch; } /** First check that my size hasn't changed. If it has, sort out my buffer. Then paint. */ public void update( Graphics g) { Dimension size = size(); super.update( g); if ( buffer == null) { initGraphics(); } if ( size.width != buffer.getWidth( this) || size.height != buffer.getHeight( this)) { // *not* funny. I've changed size... bufferGraphics.dispose(); // get rid of my old buffer initGraphics(); // and get a new one } paint( bufferGraphics); getGraphics().drawImage( buffer, 0, 0, size.width, size.height, this); } /** If I understand what's happening right, the graphics can't be initialised until I have been added to my enclosing component. Consequently the method is construct me, add me, then init me */ protected void initGraphics() { Dimension size = size(); try { buffer = createImage( size.width, size.height); // grab an off screen buffer for painting bufferGraphics = buffer.getGraphics(); // and get a handle on it's graphics context. } catch ( NullPointerException e) { throw new NullPointerException( "createImage( " + size.width + ", " + size.height + ") returned null!?"); } catch ( IllegalArgumentException f) { // whattee dis ting is? throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Size: (" + size.width + "," + size.height + ")"); } } /** Repaint me on my graphics buffer to avoid flickering */ public void paint( Graphics g) { Dimension size = getSize(); int xstep = ( int) size.width / parent.gridX; int ystep = ( int) size.height / parent.gridY; g.setFont( font); FontMetrics fm = g.getFontMetrics(); int fh = fm.getHeight(); int fw = fm.charWidth( 'M'); int fox = ( int)( xstep - fw) / 2; // font offset in the X dimension. int foy = ystep - ( ( int)( ystep - fh) / 2); // font offset in the Y dimension. g.setColor( background); g.fillRect( 0, 0, size.width, size.height); Enumeration words = parent.words.elements(); while ( words.hasMoreElements()) { Word w = ( Word) words.nextElement(); if ( w.found) { int sx = ( int)( ( w.start.x + 0.5) * xstep), sy = ( int)( ( w.start.y + 0.5) * ystep), ex = sx + ( ( ( w.word.length() - 1) * w.delta.x) * xstep), ey = sy + ( ( ( w.word.length() - 1) * w.delta.y) * ystep); // yes, I'm sure there's a simpler way, too... g.setColor( hilight); drawLine( g, new Point( sx, sy), new Point( ex, ey), lineWidth); } } g.setColor( gridColour); for ( int i = 0; i < size.width; i += xstep) g.drawLine( i, 0, i, ystep * parent.gridY); for ( int i = 0; i < size.height; i += ystep) g.drawLine( 0, i, xstep * parent.gridX, i); g.setColor( foreground); for ( int i = 0; i < parent.gridX; i ++) for ( int j = 0; j < parent.gridY; j++) g.drawChars( parent.grid[ i], j, 1, ( i * xstep) + fox, ( j * ystep) + foy); } /** Convert the pixel x, y co-ordinates of this point to equivalent * grid x, y and return the point * * @param p a point with pixel coordinates * @return the point that was passed, suitably ammended */ protected Point pixToGrid( Point p) { Dimension size = getSize(); int xstep = ( int) size.width / parent.gridX; int ystep = ( int) size.height / parent.gridY; p.x /= xstep; p.y /= ystep; return p; } /** Convert the pixel x, y co-ordinates of this point to equivalent * grid x, y and return the point * * @param p a point with grid coordinates * @return the point that was passed, suitably ammended */ protected Point gridToPix( Point p) { Dimension size = getSize(); int xstep = ( int) size.width / parent.gridX; int ystep = ( int) size.height / parent.gridY; p.x *= xstep; p.x += ( xstep / 2); p.y *= ystep; p.y += ( ystep / 2); return p; } /** Respond to mouse clicks */ public boolean mouseDown( Event e, int x, int y) { Point p = new Point( x, y); pixToGrid( p); dragStart = gridToPix( p); // 'normalise' the start point on the grid dragEnd = dragStart; return true; } /** Respond to mouse drags */ public boolean mouseDrag( Event e, int x, int y) { Graphics g = getGraphics(); Point p = new Point( x, y); g.setXORMode( hilight); drawLine( g, dragStart, dragEnd, lineWidth); pixToGrid( p); dragEnd = gridToPix( p); drawLine( g, dragStart, dragEnd, lineWidth); g.setPaintMode(); return true; } /** respond to mouse up */ public boolean mouseUp( Event e, int x, int y) { Graphics g = getGraphics(); boolean found = false; dragEnd = pixToGrid( new Point( x, y)); dragStart = pixToGrid( dragStart); Enumeration words = parent.words.elements(); while ( words.hasMoreElements() && !found) { Word word = ( Word) words.nextElement(); if ( word.start.x == dragStart.x && word.start.y == dragStart.y && word.end.x == dragEnd.x && word.end.y == dragEnd.y) { word.found = true; found = true; parent.wordList.remove( word.word); parent.toFind.removeElement( word); parent.maybeWin(); } } repaint(); return found; } /** a hack at drawing a wide line - actually an extruded cross. * I know I could do better if I were prepared to mess with trig. * * @param g the graphics objecton which to draw. * @param start the point from which the line should start * @param end the point at which it should end * @param width the width of the line (ish) */ private void drawLine( Graphics g, Point start, Point end, int width) { int[] x = new int[ 4]; int[] y = new int[ 4]; // my vertices... int delta = ( int) width/2; x[ 0] = start.x + delta; y[ 0] = start.y; x[ 1] = start.x - delta; y[ 1] = start.y; x[ 2] = end.x - delta; y[ 2] = end.y; x[ 3] = end.x + delta; y[ 3] = end.y; g.fillPolygon( x, y, 4); x[ 0] = start.x; y[ 0] = start.y + delta; x[ 1] = start.x; y[ 1] = start.y - delta; x[ 2] = end.x; y[ 2] = end.y - delta; x[ 3] = end.x; y[ 3] = end.y + delta; g.fillPolygon( x, y, 4); } } /** a wrapper round a string with it's position in the grid */ final class Word { Point start = new Point( 0,0); // position of start Point end = new Point( 0,0); // amount of change each character Point delta = new Point( 0,0); // position of end boolean found = false; // whether this word has been found int maxPlaceTries = 200; // how many time I try to place this word // before I give up String word; // the actual word WordSearch ws; // the wordsearch object I belong to Word( String word, WordSearch ws) { this.word = word.toUpperCase(); this.ws = ws; } /** attempt to place this word; try repeatedly; if at last you * don't succeed, give up in disgust. * @return whether or not place was successful */ protected void place() throws LayoutException, WontFitException { boolean placed = false; int l = word.length() - 1; found = false; if ( l > ws.gridX || l > ws.gridY) throw ( new WontFitException( "Word [" + word + "] too long for this grid")); else for ( int tries = 0; ( tries < maxPlaceTries) && ! placed; tries ++) { start.x = Math.abs( ws.random.nextInt()) % ws.gridX; start.y = Math.abs( ws.random.nextInt()) % ws.gridY; delta.x = ( Math.abs( ws.random.nextInt()) % 3) -1; delta.y = ( Math.abs( ws.random.nextInt()) % 3) -1; end.x = start.x + ( delta.x * l); end.y = start.y + ( delta.y * l); if ( start.x >= 0 && start.y >= 0 && start.x < ws.gridX && start.y < ws.gridY && end.x >= 0 && end.y >= 0 && end.x < ws.gridX && end.y < ws.gridY && ( delta.x != 0 || delta.y != 0)) // it fits in the box... try { if ( maybePlace( false)) { placed = maybePlace( true); } } catch ( ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { placed = false; } // Shouldn't happen. Just go round again... } if ( ! placed) throw ( new LayoutException( "Couldn't place [" + word + "] after " + maxPlaceTries + " tries")); } /** try to inser this word into the grid in this position. * @param write if true, actually set the characters while trying * @return whether or not it was possible. */ protected boolean maybePlace( boolean write) { boolean placed = true; // assume we can... int l = word.length(); for ( int i = 0; i < l && placed; i++) { int cx = start.x + ( delta.x * i); int cy = start.y + ( delta.y * i); char oldc = ws.grid[ cx][cy]; char newc = word.charAt( i); if ( cx >= 0 && cx < ws.gridX && cy >= 0 && cy < ws.gridY) { if ( oldc == ws.blankChar || oldc == newc) { if ( write) ws.grid[ cx][cy] = newc; } else placed = false; // unless we find we can't. } else placed = false; // if we walk off the visible grid // we're out, too. } return placed; } } /** a wordsearch puzzle for use as eye-candy on a web page. Not * intended to be extensible or adaptable, uses too many hacks and * bodges. The following parameters are recognised (all default * sensibly):

* * */ public final class WordSearch extends Applet { Color background = Color.white; // my background colour Color foreground = Color.black; // my foreground colour Dimension size; // how big I am! int gridX = 64; // how big my grid is in X and Y directions int gridY = 64; char grid[][] = new char[ gridX][ gridY]; // the grid itself GridView gridView = null; // the user's view of the grid List wordList = null; // the user's view of the wordlist Button reset = null; // the reset button char blankChar = ' '; // the character considered to be 'null' private final String alphabet = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"; // the alphabet, no less! Random random = new Random(); URL rewardURL = null; // the URL to jump to if the user wins String welcome = "Welcome! Click 'Start' to play"; Vector words = new Vector(); Vector toFind = new Vector(); String defaultWords = "officinale beesianum nudiflorum"; /** initialise myself. Mainly, over-ride default values of my instance variables from the calling document */ public void init() { super.init(); /* set up my components */ gridView = new GridView( this); wordList = new java.awt.List(); reset = new Button( "Start"); /* set up my colours */ background = paramColour( "background", background); foreground = paramColour( "foreground", foreground); gridView.background = paramColour( "grid_background", background); gridView.foreground = paramColour( "grid_foreground", foreground); gridView.hilight = paramColour( "highlight", gridView.foreground); gridView.gridColour = paramColour( "gridcolour", gridView.foreground); setBackground( background ); // set the background colour /* set up all my other configurable stuff */ try // you can make the grid smaller but not { // bigger int x = Integer.parseInt( getParameter( "grid_x")); if ( x < gridX) gridX = x; } catch ( Exception nx){} // never mind try { int y = Integer.parseInt( getParameter( "grid_y")); if ( y < gridY) gridY = y; } catch ( Exception ny){} // never mind try { gridView.lineWidth = Integer.parseInt( getParameter( "mark_width")); } catch ( Exception lw){} // never mind try { int h = Integer.parseInt( getParameter( "font_size")); String s = getParameter( "font_name"); gridView.font = new Font( s, Font.BOLD, h); } catch ( Exception fx){} // never mind try { rewardURL = new URL( getDocumentBase(), getParameter( "reward_url")); } catch ( Exception ru){} // never mind String w = getParameter( "welcome"); if ( w != null && w.length() > 0) welcome = w; fillGrid( true); // initialise the grid to empty showMessage( welcome); GridBagLayout gridbag = new GridBagLayout(); setLayout( gridbag); GridBagConstraints c = new GridBagConstraints(); c.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH; c.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE; c.anchor = GridBagConstraints.SOUTH; // basic settings of gridbag constraints c.gridx = 0; // the grid is in the left... c.gridy = 0; // top corner of the GridBag... c.weightx = 3; // and it wants about three-quarters of // the available width c.gridheight = 2; // it spans the height of the two // components on the right c.weighty = 5; // and uses five fifthe the available height gridbag.setConstraints( gridView, c); add( gridView); // set up the grid viewer, and add it. c.gridx = 1; // the list is to the right... c.gridy = 0; // top corner of the GridBag... c.weightx = 1; // and it wants about a quarter of // the available width... c.gridheight = 1; c.weighty = 4; // and four fifths of the available height gridbag.setConstraints( wordList, c); add( wordList); c.gridx = 1; // the list is to the right... c.gridy = 1; // top corner of the GridBag... c.weightx = 1; // and it wants about a quarter of // the available width... c.weighty = 1; // and four fifths of the available height gridbag.setConstraints( reset, c); add( reset); w = getParameter( "words"); if ( w == null) w = defaultWords; StringTokenizer tok = new StringTokenizer( w); while ( tok.hasMoreTokens()) { Word word = new Word( tok.nextToken(), this); words.addElement( word); toFind.addElement( word); } addNotify(); // May not be necessary? } /** fill unfilled elements in the grid with characters. * * @param clear if set, clear the grid to known default character. */ protected void fillGrid( boolean clear) { for ( int x = 0; x < gridX; x ++) for ( int y = 0; y < gridY; y ++) if ( clear) grid[ x][y] = blankChar; else { if ( grid[ x][y] == blankChar) { int r = Math.abs( random.nextInt() % alphabet.length()); grid[ x][ y] = alphabet.charAt( r); } } } /** reset the grid */ protected void reset() throws WontFitException { boolean placed = false; int maxLayoutTries = 25; Enumeration w; for ( int tries = 0; ( tries < maxLayoutTries) && ! placed; tries ++) { placed = true; // assume we will... try { w = words.elements(); fillGrid( true); wordList.removeAll(); while ( w.hasMoreElements()) { Word word = ( Word) w.nextElement(); word.place(); wordList.add( word.word); } } catch ( LayoutException l) { placed = false; // unless we don't. } } if ( ! placed) throw ( new WontFitException( "Failed to place wordset after " + maxLayoutTries + " tries")); fillGrid( false); toFind.removeAllElements(); // clear... w = words.elements(); while ( w.hasMoreElements()) // and refill the 'toFind' list toFind.addElement( w.nextElement()); gridView.repaint( ); // invalidate the area of the grid. reset.setLabel( "Reset"); } /** handle a button click action */ public boolean action(Event event, Object arg) { boolean result = false; try { if ( event.target == reset) { if ( toFind.isEmpty()) getAppletContext().showDocument( rewardURL); else reset(); result = true; } if ( event.target == wordList) { wordList.handleEvent( event); String w = wordList.getSelectedItem(); Enumeration e = words.elements(); while ( e.hasMoreElements() && ! result) { Word word = ( Word) e.nextElement(); if ( word.word.equalsIgnoreCase( w)) { result = true; word.found = true; wordList.remove( word.word); // cheat = true! reset.setLabel( "Cheated!"); repaint(); } } } } catch ( Exception e) // oh, whoops! { String m = e.getMessage(); } return result; } /** check whether the use has won, and if so show congratulatory * message */ protected boolean maybeWin() { if ( toFind.isEmpty()) { showMessage( "Congratulations!"); reset.setLabel( "Go"); return true; } else return false; } /** show a message in the grid. Not very elegant, doesn't * word-wrap or format * * @param message the message to show */ protected void showMessage( String message) { fillGrid( true); // clear the grid Enumeration e = words.elements(); // clear all the found flags so the // words don't underline. Yes, this // *is* a hack. while ( e.hasMoreElements()) { ( ( Word) e.nextElement()).found = false; } for ( int i = 0; i < message.length(); i ++) { // show the message grid[ ( int)( i % gridX)][ ( int)( i / gridX)] = message.charAt( i); } // ugly, but 'twill serve gridView.repaint(); } /** pass requests to update me on to all my components */ public void update( Graphics g) { super.update( g); Component[] bits = getComponents(); int i; gridView.update( g); } /** read a colour from a hex paramater in the form RRGGBB; * if found, return a that colour, else the stated default. * * @param arg the name of the applet parameter from which to read * the colour * @param defaultCol the colour to use if we fail to interpret the * parameter */ public Color paramColour( String arg, Color defaultCol) { int r = 0, g = 0, b = 0; // colour components String value; // a string to read paramater values into Color colour = defaultCol; value = getParameter( arg); if ( value != null) { try { r = Integer.parseInt( value, 16); b = r % 256; // strip off the bottom byte into blue... r /= 256; // divide down... g = r % 256; // strip the next byte into green... r /= 256; // divide down to leave the top byte in red... colour = new Color( r, g, b); } catch ( NumberFormatException e) { showStatus( "ERROR: " + arg + ": bad number format: " + e.getMessage()); } } return colour; // return the colour we found } /** talk about myself * * @return a string describing myself. */ public String getAppletInfo() { return "WordSearch applet (c) 2000 Weft Technology Ltd"; } }